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If you want to change the permalink structure for all Pages (i.e. posts of the page type), you can use the WP_Rewrite::$page_structure property like so:

add_action( 'init', 'wpse_382911' );
function wpse_382911() {
    global $wp_rewrite;
    $wp_rewrite->page_structure = 'home/%pagename%';
}

Don't forget to flush the rewrite rules — just visit the permalink settings admin page (wp-admin → Settings → Permalinks).