If you're getting a "class not found" warning, then maybe the class file hasn't just been included/loaded when you're trying to instantiate the class. So perhaps you could try requiring/including the class file inside your shortcode function when it's needed. Something along these lines,
function se_menu_shortcode( $atts, $content = null ) {
// extract
if ( ! class_exists('wp_bootstrap_navwalker') ) {
require_once 'path/to/class/definition/file.php';
}
// return
}
Or maybe you could try writing an autoloader for handling the requiring/including of classes automatically, https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.spl-autoload-register.php