You can filter the slug creation on wp_unique_post_slug
hook.
//Register the filter
add_filter('wp_unique_post_slug','prefix_the_slug',10,6);
function prefix_the_slug($slug, $post_ID, $post_status, $post_type, $post_parent, $original_slug){
//Slug prefix, you can put Carbon results here.
$prefix = 'my-awesome-prefix';
//Adjust this to your post type
if($post_type==='post'){
return $prefix.$slug;
}
return $slug;
}