First: why do you care the size of the thumbnail displayed in the "Featured Image" meta box on the Edit Post screen?
Second: that image size isn't defined by Twenty Ten (or any other Theme). It's defined by core, and is actually simply calling the original image size, and scaling it.
Edit
Whoops; that was wrong. :) That Meta Box is apparently displaying the 'thumbnail'
image size. (And I had forgotten that one of my primary beefs with Twenty Ten / Twenty Eleven is that they screw with the default thumbnail size.)
Start here:
<?php
set_post_thumbnail_size( HEADER_IMAGE_WIDTH, HEADER_IMAGE_HEIGHT, true );
?>
So, you were on the right track. :)
Next go to the define calls:
<?php
define( 'HEADER_IMAGE_WIDTH', apply_filters( 'twentyten_header_image_width', 940 ) );
define( 'HEADER_IMAGE_HEIGHT', apply_filters( 'twentyten_header_image_height', 198 ) );
?>
So, the easiest way to override those defined sizes is via the twentyten_header_image_width
and twentyten_header_image_height
filters. e.g., in your Child Theme's functions.php
file:
<?php
function wpse44268_filter_twentyten_header_image_width( $width ) {
return '150';
}
add_filter( 'twentyten_header_image_width', 'wpse44268_filter_twentyten_header_image_width' );
function wpse44268_filter_twentyten_header_image_height( $height ) {
return '150';
}
add_filter( 'twentyten_header_image_height', 'wpse44268_filter_twentyten_header_image_height' );
?>
These will define the post thumbnail as 150x150. Change the return values to suit your needs.