Here is a solution based on @loictheaztec with CSS styling and quantity of each product displayed.

Add the following code to function.php
:
// hook for order items preview
add_action( 'manage_shop_order_posts_custom_column' , 'custom_orders_list_column_content', 20, 2 );
function custom_orders_list_column_content( $column, $post_id ) {
global $the_order, $post;
if ( 'order_status' === $column ) {
// Start list
echo '<ul class="orders-list-items-preview">';
// Loop through order items
foreach ( $the_order->get_items() as $item ) {
$product = $item->get_product();
$product_name = $item->get_name();
$product_qty = $item->get_quantity();
echo "<li><label>$product_qty</label> $product_name</li>";
}
// End list
echo '</ul>';
}
}
// CSS for order items preview
add_action('admin_head', 'orders-list-preview-css');
function my_custom_fonts() {
echo "<style>
.orders-list-items-preview {
background-color: #eee;
padding: 8px 8px 0 5px;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.orders-list-items-preview li {
padding-left: 45px;
position: relative;
padding-bottom: 10px;
}
.orders-list-items-preview li label {
border: 1px solid gray;
width: 25px;
display: block;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 4px;
left: 5px;
top: 0px;
position: absolute;
}
</style>";
}
EDIT : Solution added with product image (and quantity moved on right)

add_action('manage_shop_order_posts_custom_column', 'orders_list_preview_items', 20, 2 );
function orders_list_preview_items($column, $post_id) {
global $the_order, $post;
if ('order_status' === $column) {
// Start list
echo '<ul class="orders-list-items-preview">';
// Loop through order items
foreach($the_order->get_items() as $item) {
$product = $item->get_product();
$img = wp_get_attachment_url($product->get_image_id());
$name = $item->get_name();
$qty = $item->get_quantity();
echo "<li>
<img src=\"$img\" />
<label>$qty</label> $name
</li>";
}
// End list
echo '</ul>';
}
}
add_action('admin_head', 'orders_list_preview_css');
function orders_list_preview_css() {
echo "<style>
.orders-list-items-preview {
background-color: #eee;
padding: 8px 8px 0 5px;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.orders-list-items-preview li {
padding-left: 55px;
position: relative;
padding-bottom: 10px;
padding-right: 40px;
padding-top: 0;
font-size: 10px;
line-height: 11px;
min-height: 30px;
}
.orders-list-items-preview li label {
border: 1px solid gray;
width: 25px;
display: block;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 4px;
right: 5px;
top: 0px;
position: absolute;
font-size: 12px;
font-weight: bold;
padding: 5px 0;
}
.orders-list-items-preview img {
margin: 1px 2px;
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 0;
height: 30px;
max-height: 30px !important;
}
</style>";
}