I'm facing the same issue. I also can't see the thumbnail meta box in Gutenberg editor.
I tried different ways but unfortunately, still, the same issue exists.
In the below code, you can see I enable the post-thumbnails for post and page.
add_theme_support('post-thumbnails', array('post', 'page'));
When I found the above code was not working then I tried the below code
add_action('after_setup_theme', function () {
remove_theme_support('post-thumbnails');
add_theme_support('post-thumbnails', array('post', 'page', 'hero', 'event', 'video'));
});
But still, the same issue exists.
Note: If I disable the Gutenberg editor by using this code then I can see the thumbnail image meta box
add_filter('use_block_editor_for_post', '__return_false', 10);
Waiting for your help!
Thanks!