You can use the get_attached_media(), function. I have linked the above to the Codex.
P.S This is not my own code, straight from the WordPress Codex:
<ul>
<?php if ( have_posts() ) : while ( have_posts() ) : the_post();
$args = array(
'post_type' => 'attachment',
'numberposts' => -1,
'post_status' => null,
'post_parent' => $post->ID
);
$attachments = get_posts( $args );
if ( $attachments ) {
foreach ( $attachments as $attachment ) {
echo '<li>';
echo wp_get_attachment_image( $attachment->ID, 'full' );
echo '<p>';
echo apply_filters( 'the_title', $attachment->post_title );
echo '</p></li>';
}
}
endwhile; endif; ?>
</ul>
EDIT
You could try something like this:
function get_attached_images() {
global $post;
$post_id = $post->ID;
$media = get_attached_media( 'image', $post_id );
}
get_children
function with thepost_type
parameter set to 'attachments'.