Images are not showing after moving Wordpress installation from server to localhost?

Question

I moved my wordpress installation from server to localhost on my pc using the instructions in the following link http://www.premiumwebbloghosting.com/2012/07/moving-wordpress-from-hosting-to-localhost.html. I used the second option.

After completing the process everything works fine on my pc. I can log to the admin panel using same users, i can access all pages on the website. There was only one problem which is the images are not showing.

The images i uploaded to the website were named in Arabic alphabet, therefore were encoded by wordpress and resulted in weird file names!!

I noticed that the file names are different than the one in the moved database. The original file name (after upload through wordpress) would be: ط¨ظٹط§ظ†ظ.
The file on my pc would be(not the actual file, the link on the database): جئون-ÙÙ.

What is the reason of this change? I exported the database using UTF8. Why the file names changed when i moved the database to my local development pc?

Another thing, Is there a way to prevent wordpress from encoding file names in Arabic, I would like my pictures in the uploads folder to have the same Arabic names, not weird letters!!

EDIT: I just noticed that the links in server and localhost are the same before decoding, but they translate differently. Example: server link: http://mywebsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA.jpg localhost link: http:/localhost/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA.jpg but the link translate to different value than the picture's file name!

Answer 1

The tip in Part 2 at the site you link that reads

Unzip the database you've downloaded and open it with text editor (Notepad++ or Dreamweaver) and use "Find and Replace" option to change "http://olddomain.com" with "http://newdomain.com" and then import it with phpmyadmin.

is absolutely wrong. Running a find/replace on a database dump with a text editor will break serialized data at least. And at most, it may may break character encodings if the text editor is not Unicode aware. Either might be your problem.

Use http://interconnectit.com/products/search-and-replace-for-wordpress-databases/ to correctly deserialize/reserialize data during a find/replace by running the script on the server. Read the docs for it. I've used it many times.

The other thing that may be going on is that your database encoding on your localhost may be different than the live server. Check both wp-config.php files for the setting define( 'DB_CHARSET', 'utf8' ); that should be the same.

See http://codex.wordpress.org/Editing_wp-config.php#Database_character_set

Edit: The docs above say:

There usually should be no reason to change the default value of DB_COLLATE. Leaving the value blank (null) will insure the collation is automatically assigned by MySQL when the database tables are created.