Running a python script within wordpress

Question

I have a WordPress install for a personal blog and I'm gradually porting all of the little web bits I have written over the years to pages on the blog.

One such page is http://www.projecttoomanycooks.co.uk/cgi-bin/memory/majorAnalysis.py which is a simple python script that returns a list of words - I'd like to embedd that behavior within a wordpress page - could someone point me in the right direction for the easyist way of running a spot of python within wordpress?

EDIT - following the wonderful answer below, I have got a lot futher... but unfortunately still not quite there...

I have python that executes on server...

projecttoomanycooks server [~/public_html/joereddington/wp-content/plugins]#./hello.py 
Hello World!

and it's in the same directory as the activated plugin...

The python code... which has the following code...

#!/usr/bin/python
print("Hello World!")

The php:

<?php
/**
 * Plugin Name: Joe's python thing.
 * Plugin URI: http://URI_Of_Page_Describing_Plugin_and_Updates
 * Description: A brief description of the Plugin.
 * Version: The Plugin's Version Number, e.g.: 1.0
 * Author: Name Of The Plugin Author
 * Author URI: http://URI_Of_The_Plugin_Author
 * License: A "Slug" license name e.g. GPL2
 */
/*from http://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/120259/running-a-python-scri
pt-within-wordpress/120261?noredirect=1#120261  */
add_shortcode( 'python', 'embed_python' );

function embed_python( $attributes )
{
    $data = shortcode_atts(
        array(
            'file' => 'hello.py'
        ),
        $attributes
    );
    $handle = popen( __DIR__ . '/' . $data['file'], 'r');
    $read   = fread($handle, 2096);
    pclose($handle);

    return $read;
}

Answer 1

You can use popen() to read or write to a Python script (this works with any other language too). If you need interaction (passing variables) use proc_open().

A simple example to print Hello World! in a WordPress plugin

Create the plugin, register a shortcode:

<?php # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
/* Plugin Name: Python embedded */

add_shortcode( 'python', 'embed_python' );

function embed_python( $attributes )
{
    $data = shortcode_atts(
        [
            'file' => 'hello.py'
        ],
        $attributes
    );

    $handle = popen( __DIR__ . '/' . $data['file'], 'r' );
    $read = '';

    while ( ! feof( $handle ) )
    {
        $read .= fread( $handle, 2096 );
    }

    pclose( $handle );

    return $read;
}

Now you can use that shortcode in the post editor with [python] or [python file="filename.py"].

Put the Python scripts you want to use into the same directory as the plugin file. You can also put them into a directory and adjust the path in the shortcode handler.

Now create a complex Python script like this:

print("Hello World!")

And that’s all. Use the shortcode, and get this output:

Answer 2

I followed the example script from the first answer, but was getting no output or errors.

I changed this line:

$handle = popen( __DIR__ . '/' . $data['file'], 'r' );

to this:

$handle = popen( __DIR__ . '/' . $data['file'] . ' 2>&1', 'r' );

and then got a "permission denied" message.

On the console, I ran

chmod 777 hello.py

refreshed the page, and everything worked perfectly.

This may be the issue Joe was seeing above. I don't have enough rep to make a comment, sorry. Hope this helps someone.

Answer 3

Here's a little script that uses proc_open as noted above, to sent one simple text variable to a python script:

add_shortcode( 'execute_python', 'execute_python_with_argv' );

function execute_python_with_argv( $attributes ){

$description = array (     
    0 => array("pipe", "r"),  // stdin
    1 => array("pipe", "w"),  // stdout
    2 => array("pipe", "w")   // stderr
);

$application_system = "python ";
$application_path .= plugin_dir_path( __FILE__ );
$application_name .= "hello.py";
$separator = " ";

$application = $application_system.$application_path.$application_name.$separator;

$argv1 = '"output to receive back from python script"';
$pipes = array();

$proc = proc_open ( $application.$argv1 , $description , $pipes );

//echo proc_get_status($proc)['pid'];

if (is_resource ( $proc ))
{
    echo "Stdout : " . stream_get_contents ( $pipes [1] ); //Reading stdout buffer
    fclose ( $pipes [1] ); //Closing stdout buffer
    fclose ( $pipes [2] ); //Closing stderr buffer

    $return_value = proc_close($proc);
    echo "<br/>command returned: $return_value<br/>";
}

$application_test = glitch_player_DIR.$application_name;

echo "<br/>Is ".$application_test." executable? ".is_executable($application_test)." ";
echo "readable? ".is_readable($application_test)." ";
echo "writable? ".is_writable($application_test)." ";

} //EOF main/shortcode function

Added a few tests as the bottom to see if the python file is rwx. I think a better way to send the argv would be using fwrite, but it wasn't working for me following this tutorial.

Here is the python script I used. As noted in comments above, something like #!/usr/bin/env python may be necessary, depending on server.

#!/usr/bin/env python

from sys import argv

script, what_he_said = argv

print "This is what you submitted: %s \n \n Isn't that amazing, man? " % what_he_said