In this line if( is_page( ( 'azubi'); you start but not end the round bracket ["(" OR ")"] and not used semicolon after the if condition used colon like if( is_page('azubi')):
<?php
if( is_page('azubi')):
echo do_shortcode( '[contact-form-7 id="274" title="Bewerbungsformular_beruf" ]' );
else:
echo do_shortcode( '[contact-form-7 id="2741" title="Bewerbungsformular_berufe" ]' );
endif;
?>
Check this : https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/is_page/
Enter correct page name.
if( is_page('About Us')):
echo do_shortcode('[contact-form-7 id="263" title="Contact form 1"]');
else:
echo do_shortcode('[contact-form-7 id="264" title="Contact form 1_copy"]');
endif;