On the admin side, you could update the meta data for the page-post_type programmatically:
global $post;
if (
'swiss_cheese' === $post->post_parent
AND is_admin()
)
update_post_meta( $post->ID, '_wp_page_template', 'some_template.php' );
On the visitor facing side, you can simply jump into template redirect:
function wpse63267_template_redirect()
{
global $post;
if ( 'swiss_cheese' === $post->post_parent )
{
include ( get_stylesheet_directory().'/swiss-cheese-template.php');
exit;
}
}
add_action( 'template_redirect', 'wpse63267_template_redirect' );